The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) was introduced in August 2013 amending the EU directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC. The EU WFD:
We all know compliance standards and regulations will continue to evolve. As will environmental threats. Year-to-year, country-to-country. What if the equipment your lab arms itself with today would meet tomorrow’s demanding needs as well?
In this resource you can find a short description on the workflow, together with sample preparation advice and suggested instrumentation for the EU WFD.
This resource is a comprehensive description of sample preparations, analytical conditions, and results of the compounds contained in the EU WFD.
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CIP 2 UK regulations investigates the occurrence, sources, and removal of trace substances in wastewater treatment facility effluent. This regulation helps to establish priorities for remediative action to ensure surface waters meet new Environmental Quality Standards (EQS).
The primary objective of CIP 2 is to identify and characterize sites where EQS levels are breached. In the program 70 priority substances were determined from 162 sewage treatment works (STW) effluents. 11 pharmaceuticals were also identified as priority monitoring candidates. It is important to note that EQS is defined for only 3 pharmaceutical compounds Diclofenac, E2, and EE2. All substances selected for monitoring analysis were detected previously in wastewater effluent samples. The determined environmental concentrations of many priority substances in effluent exceeded EQS.
The low detection levels for the elemental contaminants listed in the WFD necessitate use of ICP-MS technology. The samples that require testing have widely varying matrix concentrations and often contain suspended particles, which, for ICP-MS, can drive internal standard recoveries out of their acceptable ranges and cause sample introduction blockages and signal drift.
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